Reported+Speech

Reported Speech Summary: 1. Reporting orders 2. Reporting Questions when the reporting verb is in Present and Future 3. Reporting Statements when the reporting verb is in Present and Future 4. Reporting Questions when the reporting verb is in Present and Future 5. Reporting Statements when the reporting verb is in Present and Future = Reported speech grammar rules  = [|Reported commands] [|Reported questions] [|Reported statements] Exercises: http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/reported.htm = Reported questions  = If you put a question into Reported speech there are some steps which are the same like in statements :( changing of the person, backshift of tenses, changing of expressions of time). In Reported speech there is no question anymore, the sentence becomes a statement. That's why the word order is: **subject - verb** Question without question words (yes/no questions): Peter: " **Do** you ** play ** football?" - Peter asked me **whether (if)** I ** played ** football. Question with question words: Peter: " **When** do you ** play ** football?" - Peter asked me **when** I ** played ** football.
 * Reported Speech **

//Statements//
1) If the sentence starts **in the present**, there is **no backshift of tenses** in Reported speech. Example: Susan: "I ** work ** in an office." Susan ** says ** **//that//** she ** works ** in an office. 2) If the sentence starts **in the past** , there is often **backshift of tenses** in Reported speech. (see: Note) Example: Susan: "I ** work ** in an office." Susan ** said  //that// ** she ** worked ** in an office. ( ** could, might, should, ought to ** ) || Peter said that he ** would work ** in the garden. ( ** could, might, should, ought to ** ) || Peter: "I worked in the garden ** yesterday ** ." Peter said that he had worked in the garden ** the day before **. Questions: Reported speech: Do you like reading? She asks me if I like reading. Have you seen this movie? She asks if I have seen the movie Will you come to visit? She asks me if I will go to visit How often do you go to disco? She asks me how often I go to disco Why did you leave me? She asks me why I left her Do you like reading? She asked me weather I liked reading. Have you seen this movie? She asked me if I had seen the movie Will you come to visit? She asked me if would go to visit How often do you go to disco? She asked me how often I went to disco Why did you leave me? She asked me why I had left her Commands: Reported speech: Come here She told me to go there Do your homework ? S he told me to do my homework
 * ** Backshift of tenses ** ||
 * ** from ** || ** to ** ||
 * Simple Present || Simple Past ||
 * Simple Past || Past Perfect ||
 * Present Perfect ||^  ||
 * Past Perfect ||^  ||
 * will || would ||
 * ** Progressive forms ** ||
 * am/are/is || was/were ||
 * was/were || had been ||
 * has been ||^  ||
 * had been ||^  ||
 * ** Backshift of tenses ** ||
 * ** from ** || ** to ** ||
 * Peter: "I ** work ** in the garden." || Peter said that he ** worked ** in the garden. ||
 * Peter: "I ** worked ** in the garden." || Peter said that he ** had worked ** in the garden. ||
 * Peter: "I ** have worked ** in the garden." ||^  ||
 * Peter: "I ** had worked ** in the garden." ||^  ||
 * Peter: "I ** will work ** in the garden." || Peter said that he ** would work ** in the garden. ||
 * Peter: "I ** can work ** in the garden." || Peter said that he ** could work ** in the garden. ||
 * Peter: "I ** may work ** in the garden." || Peter said that he ** might work ** in the garden. ||
 * Peter: "I ** would work ** in the garden."
 * ** Progressive forms ** ||
 * Peter: "I ** 'm working ** in the garden." || Peter said that he ** was working ** in the garden. ||
 * Peter: "I ** was working ** in the garden." || Peter said that he ** had been working ** in the garden. ||
 * Peter: "I ** have been working ** in the garden." ||^  ||
 * Peter: "I ** had been working ** in the garden." ||^  ||
 * If the sentence contains an expression of time, you must change it as well. **
 * Shifting of expressions of time **
 * **this (evening)** || ** that (evening) ** ||
 * ** today/this day ** || ** that day ** ||
 * ** these (days) ** || ** those (days) ** ||
 * ** now ** || ** then ** ||
 * ** (a week) ago ** || ** (a week) before ** ||
 * ** last weekend ** || ** the weekend before / the previous weekend ** ||
 * ** here ** || ** there ** ||
 * ** next (week) ** || ** the following (week) ** ||
 * ** tomorrow ** || ** the next/following day ** ||

EFL web sites for Reported speech:
 * [|Reported Speech]
 * [|Sentence Combining]
 * [|Subject and Verb Agreement]
 * [|Indirect Questions]
 * [|Reported Speech]
 * [|Reported Speech at a Much Later Time]